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Design an Internationalization (i18n) System

System DesigneasyLast reported April 2026
By AceOffer · Updated April 2026 · Reported 2× across 14 reports

Understanding the Problem

A system design round, two reports tagged Cursor (November 2025 and April 2026). The April one comes from a stacked pull-request review startup acquired by Cursor with its staff in New York, which matches Graphite; the November one from a pull-request tool startup's phone screen. In the April report: design internationalisation for a large website, Airbnb-like, with 10 million monthly active users and 200 engineers, going from English only to many languages. Optimise latency, and keep the change for engineers as small as possible, for example wrapping text as T("Hello"). Asked in a reply, the candidate added it is a regular design that has to consider what developers and translators need. In the November report the scope was small: how a web page does i18n when different words have to be replaced, how to store them and how to fetch them.

Functional Requirements

Structured requirements coming soon. For now, see the full problem statement above and the deep-dive prompts below.

Non-Functional Requirements

Latency, throughput, availability, consistency targets — being authored.

The Set Up

Defining the Core Entities

Core entities (Request, Batch, Worker, Cache, etc.) — being authored.

The API

POST /endpoint → describe request shape GET /endpoint → describe response shape (API spec being authored)

High-Level Design

Component diagram + walkthrough mapping each functional requirement to a system flow — being authored.

Potential Deep Dives

These are the directions the interviewer is likely to push you. Each one has multiple valid solutions at different quality tiers.
Deep-dive bank being authored.

What is Expected at Each Level?

L4 / Mid-level

Cover happy path. Clarify scope. Identify the obvious bottleneck. Pick a reasonable storage and reasonable scaling approach.

L5 / SeniorTarget

All of the above plus: explicit failure handling, durability vs latency trade-offs, choose the right batching/caching strategy, articulate why.

L6 / Staff+

All of the above plus: organizational concerns (rollout, migration, on-call), quantitative analysis, multi-region considerations, what could go wrong with the proposed solution at 10x scale.

Insider Notes

Interviewer hints: Optimise latency, and keep the change for engineers small, e.g. T("Hello") (the brief, one report).; Consider what developers and translators each need (the candidate, in a reply).

Cursor · System Design · Last reported April 2026
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